|
Size: 2569
Comment:
|
Size: 2754
Comment:
|
| Deletions are marked like this. | Additions are marked like this. |
| Line 22: | Line 22: |
| A WORK is an abstract entity. The work is recognised through individual realisations or expressions of the work. A work is not a particular version of a film or a CD, but the intellectual creation that lies behind all the various expressions of the work. Because the notion of a work is abstract, it is difficult to define precise boundaries for the entity. For example dubbed or subtitled versions of a film, and gramophone records republished on cd are considered as different expressions of the same original. On the other hand, when the modification of a work involves a significant degree of independent intellectual or artistic effort, the result is viewed as a new WORK. | A ''Work'' is an abstract entity. The ''Work'' is recognised through individual realisations or ''Expressions'' of the ''Work''. A ''Work'' is not a particular version of a film or a CD, but the intellectual creation that lies behind all the various ''Expressions'' of the ''Work''. Because the notion of a ''Work'' is abstract, it is difficult to define precise boundaries for the entity. For example dubbed or subtitled versions of a film, and gramophone records republished on cd are considered as different ''Expressions'' of the same original. On the other hand, when the modification of a ''Work'' involves a significant degree of independent intellectual or artistic effort, the result is viewed as a new ''Work''. |
| Line 24: | Line 24: |
| An EXPRESSION is the specific form that a work takes each time it is "realised" | An ''Expression'' is the specific form that a ''Work'' takes each time it is "realised" |
| Line 26: | Line 26: |
| A MANIFESTATION may contain multiple EXPRESSIONS, eg. a CD containing multiple songs, each of which is an ''Expression'' of an | A ''Manifestation'' may contain multiple ''Expressions'', eg. a CD containing multiple songs, each of which is an ''Expression'' of an individual ''Work''. An ''Item'' is an individual copy of a ''Manifestation'', whether a physical thing or a copy of file |
How to use FRBR
What is FRBR?
"Functional Requirements for Bibliographical Records (FRBR) is a conceptual model of the bibliographical universe outlined in a 1998 report from the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA). The report uses entity-relationship analysis to "provide a clearly defined, structured framework for relating the data that are recorded in bibliographic records to the needs of the users of those records". (FRBR Report, p.7) The most influential parts of the FRBR report are the definitions of user tasks and bibliographical entities". (Quote from TechEssence, May 2006)
Definition of FRBR bibliographic entities
FRBR defines three groups of entities:
I. The first and primary group contains four entities: [her indsættes grafisk ill.]
- WORK: the distinct intellectual or artistic creation
- EXPRESSION: the intellectual or artistic realization of a work
- MANIFESTATION: the physical embodiment of an expression of a work
- ITEM: a single exemplar of a manifestation
II. The second group includes entities responsible for the intellectual or artistic content, the production, or ownership of entities in the first group (e.g. persons and corporate bodies) [her indsættes grafisk ill.]
III. The third group includes entities that represent concepts, objects, events and places. Entities in the third group as well as those in the first two groups form the subject of a work [her indsættes grafisk ill.]
How to use FRBR
The four entities, WORK, EXPRESSION, MANIFESTATION and ITEM describe different aspects of the resource.
A Work is an abstract entity. The Work is recognised through individual realisations or Expressions of the Work. A Work is not a particular version of a film or a CD, but the intellectual creation that lies behind all the various Expressions of the Work. Because the notion of a Work is abstract, it is difficult to define precise boundaries for the entity. For example dubbed or subtitled versions of a film, and gramophone records republished on cd are considered as different Expressions of the same original. On the other hand, when the modification of a Work involves a significant degree of independent intellectual or artistic effort, the result is viewed as a new Work.
An Expression is the specific form that a Work takes each time it is "realised"
A Manifestation may contain multiple Expressions, eg. a CD containing multiple songs, each of which is an Expression of an individual Work.
An Item is an individual copy of a Manifestation, whether a physical thing or a copy of file